Friday, August 28, 2020

Hotel Industry Analysis

Question: Examine about the Hotel Industry Analysis. Answer: Presentation Administration industry is not quite the same as assembling industry because of serious direct client interest in entire procedure, there is immediate assistance experiences and encounters that makes client satisfaction(Kandampully, 2002). In this manner associations need to create strong framework that guarantee low measure of administration disappointment and high consumer loyalty. This is an assistance the board paper that centers only around inn industry administration association outline. It means to assess detail administration process that happen inside inn, regions that can cause administration disappointment, various elements of front and back office division. It will help in making an away from of the entire assistance conveying process. Later part additionally assesses various techniques for administration recuperation inside association. Administration outline can be viewed as apparatus utilized for administration improvement; it is a visual device that helps in assessing methodical procedure for creating administrations. It is a necessary piece of administration designing procedure that begins with thought assessment for a support of administration usage in genuine terms. There are five essential period of this procedure, it incorporate new thoughts, assessing firm necessities for administrations, third stage is administration configuration to design the exhibition, fourth is trying the administration before propelling it to market and last is input to assess after dispatch impact through consumer loyalty. Diagram is the procedure utilized for planning the administration. Administration Blueprint Administration blueprinting can be characterized as arranging instrument that is utilized to design inventive administrations, discovering issue in the current administrations, assessing nature of administrations and improving the equivalent. It incorporates a graphical visual introduction of various administrations procedure and exercises to predict future help advancement necessities. This device likewise helps in finding different assistance disappointment focuses that can cause client disappointment and plan methodology in like manner. Essential goal of this device is to arrange all exercises of the entire assistance execution process, it is arranged utilizing solid client concentrate along these lines covering all zones that may cause administration disappointment, dissecting diverse sort of conceivable help hole and recuperation methodologies for the equivalent. It is an incredible practical instrument for administration assessment and arranging (Seyring, 2009). Administration blue print include total assistance creation process, along these lines it is pivotal to gather data with respect to client necessity from the specialist organization, required assets for various procedure and time prerequisite for the equivalent (Seyring, 2009). There are five key parts of administration outline, it incorporate client activities which incorporate all activities taken by clients for benefiting the administrations; second is in front of an audience activity that incorporate obvious demonstrations of workers; third is behind the stage that is imperceptible representatives contact activities; fourth is bolster process that is isolated utilizing inward line process which incorporate activities taken by offices and workers who are not noticeable but rather without their activity administration execution is additionally unrealistic and fifth is physical proof that incorporate every substantial component that clients come across(Lovelock, 2007). Lodging Industry Blueprint Physical proof Notices/site Lodging outside stopping Work area enlistment Papers Lifts Hallway Room Truck for sacks Room Amenities Bath Menu Conveyance plate Food Appearance Food taste and temperature Bill work area Lobby Hotel Client activity Show up at lodging Give chime people sack Check in Go to rooms Get sacks Rest, shower Call room administration Get food Eat Look at and leave Line of association In front of an audience activity welcome Take packs Procedure enrollment Convey packs Convey food Procedure look at Line of perceivability Behind the stage activity IT division Take packs to room Take food request Line of inward connection Bolster procedure and IT Enrollment framework Room support, offices Plan food Enrollment framework Initial step of administration process is client look for data with respect to the lodging, accessibility of room, offices, estimating and so on. This data is gathered through different sources, for example, web, organization site, different online inn booking destinations, for example, Trivago, booking.com and so on. In this manner from the lodging end it is pivotal that somebody keeps up solid IT framework, incorporate different sites and booking framework. Client can design shrink to pay on the web or direct money at counter, along these lines legitimate IT combination must be done between organization, banks and booking destinations. For the most part there is delay between booking the lodging and real remain at the inn. Following scarcely any long stretches of booking client make a visit to inn either utilizing his own vehicle, booked vehicle or lodging vehicle according to support profited. This prompts first physical association with parking spot of the organization. Further, client goes to gathering, which is a significant client connection point to check in. Appropriate data framework helps in smooth and brisk registration process, after a few procedures of paper check and enlistment, client leave their gear and go to their room. Baggage is picked and conveyed to the room by inn staff. After this client have direct involvement with the room which is affected through different courtesies accessible in the room, for example, lights, Wi-Fi, foundation, dcor, shower robe, size of the room, tea, espresso, other wide scope of comforts. Presently client can do a few demonstration, for example, eat, rest, call for room administration and so forth every assistance sway client discernment about the specia list co-op. In-house experience have solid effect on client observation and the manner in which they speak to the brand in their promise of mouth. In the wake of finishing their stay client goes to campaign for checkout, complete the installment, staffs leaves the client to their vehicle and say farewell. Each phase of the administration procedure has solid effect on client observation with respect to the brand. Front Stage Functions Front stage can be characterized as communication among client and administrations. It incorporates scope of exercises and steps perform by contact representatives that are obvious to client. Activity taken by front stage workers has direct effect on client recognition and fulfillment. Different examples when front stage association happens among workers and clients are as follow; At the point when a client calls up inn staff for some reserving or other data At the point when client shows up at the lodging and welcomed by the staff At the point when client give their packs to bellboy At the entryway for enlistment or check in At eatery visit, food request or room administrations During sacks conveyance framework at their room During checkout Front stage staff go about as the substance of the lodging they have to have solid relational aptitudes, they have to act in neighborly and sure way. While welcoming clients staff needs to guarantee to invite them with a grin, eye to eye connection and readiness to tune in. Front stage worker need to be able to control pressure and carry on cordially during surprising circumstance too. While handshake with clients it ought to pass on an awareness of other's expectations to clients. Offices that have dynamic job in front stage administrations are examined beneath; Front work area have prime task to carry out in an inn as it make early introduction on clients mind, it is likewise a main factor to benefit or not to profit administrations. In lodging industry front work area employments are for the most part assigned to youthful and savvy individuals, who are fiery, adequate, accessible 24*7, solid relational aptitudes and relationship the executives. Front work area staffs have most noteworthy number of client collaboration; they are answerable for different exercises, for example, booking, giving wellbeing storage spaces to clients, reserving spot, interfacing over telephone, offering different types of assistance to clients. Housekeeping is another front stage division that comes into client contact after lodging look at in till their check. It include wide scope of administrations, for example, 24 hour accessibility of staff, taking food orders, making their rooms, cleaning, clothing administrations and so forth. Food and drink office: This office is in association with clients by taking their food and refreshment related requests over telephone or at cafés, gathering rooms and so on servers, barkeeps and eatery chiefs are essential front stage staff in this office, they have to act in benevolent, gracious and well mannered way. Behind the stage Functions It incorporate the piece of administration chain that clients can't see yet they offer key types of assistance in the worth chain procedure and assist front with arranging staff to finish their undertakings (Talwar, 2006). There are a few back stage benefits that supports smooth assistance conveyance in lodgings. The activity of back end begins preceding room booking too. Lodging utilize different special instruments, for example, sites, booking locales, trip specialists and direct reserving choices. A solid IT office, programming and its appropriate administration is critical to guarantee bother free client experience, incorporating appointments made through different sources, guaranteeing ongoing presentation of web based booking status at various stage. Inns now days additionally utilize live talk choices on their site to answer client questions and appointments. These representatives need to cooperate with client, give data and so on. In the wake of taking different requests, for example, clothing or food the back stage work begins. If there should arise an occurrence of food, kitchen staff and gourmet expert need to adhere to cleanliness guidelines, high caliber of food and wellbeing standards. Distinctive other back stage staff classification in lodging inc

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Cystic Fibrosis :: essays research papers

CYSTIC FIBROSIS      ONE OUT OF EVERY 2,500 BIRTHS IN THE UNITED STATES WILL BE DIAGNOSED WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS. THIS FACT MAKES CYSTIC FIBROSIS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON Hereditary DISEASES IN THE NATION. Around 30,000 AMERICANS HAVE THE DISEASE, BUT Despite the fact that CYSTIC FIBROSIS IS THE NATIONS MOST COMMON GENETIC DISEASE THE Larger part OF AMERICANS KNOW LITTLE ABOUT IT. CYSTIC FIBROSIS IS RELATIVELY Normal IN CALCASTION PEOPLE BUT RARE IN AFRICAN-AMERICAN. THE DISEASE IS VERY Exceptional IN MONGOLIANS. FIVE PERCENT OF THE POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES ARE Bearers OF THE GENETIC DISEASE.      CYSTIC FIBROSIS, SOMETIMES CLASSIFIED AS MUCOVISCIDOSIS, IS A DISORDER IN WHICH THE EXCRORINE GLANDS SECRETE ABNORMALLY THICK MUCUS. THIS LEADS TO THE Deterrent OF THE PANCREAS AND CHRONIC INFECTIONS OF THE LUNGS, WHICH GENERALLY CAUSES DEATH IN CHILDHOOD OR EARLY ADULTHOOD. SOME MILDLY AFFECTED PATIENTS MAY Endure LONGER. PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY TAKE PANCREATIC ENZYMES WITH MEALS. THOSE WITH RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS ARE TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS, Generally WITH AEROSOLS THAT RELIEVE CONSTRICTION OF THE AIRWAYS. Exercise based recuperation IS USED TO HELP PATIENTS COUGH UP THE OBSTRUCTING MUCUS. INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION, WHICH OCCURS MOSTLY IN INFANCY, MAY REQUIRE SURGERY.      IN 1989, RESEARCHERS FOND THE ABNORMAL GENE THAT CAUSES CYSTIC FIBROSIS. THIS GENE IS LOCATED ON CHROMOSOME 7 . A PERSON WHO HAS TWO CYSTIC FIBROSIS Qualities HAS THE DISEASE . A PERSON THAT CARRIES ONE OF THE GENES DOES NOT HAVE THE Hereditary DISEASE, BUT IS A CARRIER.      THE SYMPTOMS OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS SOMETIMES OCCUR IMMEDIATELY AFTER BIRTH. Bodily fluid SECRETIONS MAY APPEAR IN THE BABY’S INTESTINES, WHICH CAN CAUSE Impediment IN THE INTESTINES. IN ALL CASES, THE CHILD WILL GAIN LITTLE WEIGHT Directly FROM BIRTH, BECAUSE THE PANCREAS IS NOT PRODUCING ENZYMES. Next to zero Supplements ARE ABSORBED IN THE CHILD’S SYSTEM. A CHILD WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS MAY HAVE REOCCURRING RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, ALONG WITH COUGH AND FEVER. THIS MAY BE Increasingly SEVERE AND PERSISTENT THAT NORMAL THIS IS A RESULT OF THE THICK, STICKY Bodily fluid THAT WILL HOLD AND TRAP GERMS IN THE BRONCHIAL TUBES. IT SHOULD BE TAKEN IN TO CONSIDERATION THAT CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS HAVE LARGE APPETITES AND EAT A GREAT DEAL. IN SPITE OF THEIR MALNUTRITION, THEY ART NOT IN PAIN AND DO NOT GENERALLY FEEL IT.      EXTRACTS OF ANIMAL PANCREAS, IN POWDER OR GRANULE FORM, ARE PRESCRIBED TO REPLACE THE MISSING ENZYMES FROM THE PANCREAS, AND THE AMOUNT OF FAT IS Diminished IN THE CHILD’S DIET. WITH THIS TREATMENT THE CHILD BEGINS TO GAIN

“Yamaha Fiore” 2NE1 †Celebrity Endorsement Free Essays

Superstar underwriting is ordinarily used to showcase items, it is a procedure which gives a â€Å"face† to a brand, to which the purchasers can relate and strive for. Yamaha has chosen to advance its Fiore bike Thailand with generally famous Korean pop gathering 2NE1. Their technique was to connect with urban Thai’s who follow outside patterns, music and design. We will compose a custom article test on â€Å"Yamaha Fiore† 2NE1 †Celebrity Endorsement or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now While numerous urban Thai’s surely are aficionados of the Korean design and popular music it stays muddled concerning what impact the battle has had on the buy dynamic and expanded piece of the overall industry assuming any; anyway the exertion positioned Yamaha’s bikes as an in vogue and young. Across European urban communities bikes are an exceptionally famous and minimal effort methods for transportation. In Thailand, and various other developing markets most customers will try to claiming their first vehicle and will go to extraordinary grounds to obtain one, for example, expanding critical advances, while bikes/bike are commonly utilized and seen as need for low pay advertise section. Moreover, in Bangkok it is clear that there are not many bikes being driven by the center to upper market portion purchasers, a portion of the reasons being as referenced before and because of the traffic clog and contamination which is viewed as hazardous to drive a bike in. Yamaha is one of Thailand’s biggest cruiser makers with a piece of the overall industry of 26% †hoping to arrive at 30% in 2011 (Bangkok Post, May 5, 2008) and Honda driving with an amazing 68% (Bangkok Post, May 5, 2008) piece of the pie. An enormous part of this is appointed to country regions where individuals use bike as normal methods for transportation while in urban regions individuals will depend on open transportation, own a vehicle or other. The key test would stay in evolving people’s (center, upper fragment) impression of utilizing bikes as an approach to drive, get things done or go to a close by store as opposed to exclusively depending on utilizing vehicle more often than not. This might be accomplished by embracing a nearby big name which would be in a perfect world living in an advanced apartment suite or a lodging town likewise referred to locally as moo-boycott. This would be a more â€Å"practical† way to deal with advancing a way of life individuals could more effectively identify with instead of pop stars. The final product being a significant number of the center to upper salary showcase fragment may gain a bike notwithstanding claiming a vehicle to drive around their lodging town or apartment suite and go to a close by store or a café. In the sportswear business big name underwriting is utilized likely more frequently than in others. It is an incredible method to set up the brand as it is utilized by proficient competitors and draw the consumer’s consideration. These days a lot of sportswear is additionally worn as easygoing wear and not just on tennis courts, golf landscapes or running track which has fundamentally augmented and extended the market. An effective, appealling competitor can depict a brand with numerous positive characteristics. Be that as it may, while there are many empowering factors in utilizing big name supports across numerous enterprises the showcasing and publicizing effort could in the long run bring about negative or less appealing brand discernment. Models incorporate when competitors are seen as utilizing drugs, getting into mischief out in the open or in rivalry. As referenced before these people give a â€Å"face† to the brand and in this light the open will think about a given brand. Tiger Woods has been one of Nike’s embraced superstar which has for all intents and purposes set up the brand in the golf business. It is one of the prime instances of a triumph when a brand is connected to a fruitful and alluring competitor who additionally has the â€Å"star† power. It is likewise an immediate and pertinent persona in the hitting the fairway business which has pulled in numerous first time golf players to buy Nike gear and other sportswear. The recently analyzed instance of 2NE1 popular music gathering would be all the more fitting and is all the more ordinarily utilized if the underwriting was utilized to advance style, scent, cosmetics and other comparative items as they are all the more fitting with female characteristics of excellence and engaging quality. In this regard Nike has built up a firm brand discernment with an individual who is significant in the business while a couple of years from now in all likelihood not many individuals will recollect the 2NE1 and Yamaha joint crusade. Anyway it is imperative to take note of that there are additionally sure dangers when a brand firmly depends on single big name as is on account of Nike/Tiger Woods who has experienced an individual embarrassment which has significantly influenced the golf players observation in general visibility and who has endured lost various supports by caffeinated drink creators and media communications organization, Gatorade and ATT. What's more, we are yet to check whether the organization will keep on conveying the golf players name in the close by future. Step by step instructions to refer to â€Å"Yamaha Fiore† 2NE1 †Celebrity Endorsement, Papers

Friday, August 21, 2020

How to Write a College Essay on Yourself

How to Write a College Essay on YourselfAre you trying to write a college essay on yourself? If so, you're not alone. Many students throughout the nation and across the globe struggle with this concept.Students need to know where they stand in the world. This is an important way to get through the process of college without embarrassing yourself or becoming too cocky. It's a common occurrence that college professors will critique your writing. That is a great opportunity to explore your knowledge of the world.However, there are some steps you can take to help make writing a college essay easier on yourself. You may be able to do so by simply writing the truth about yourself. This can help you avoid any awkward moments down the road.The more you start to get involved with your life, the more you will develop stronger relationships. By exploring your life and finding out what you are passionate about, you can make writing a college essay much easier on yourself. When you are passionate about something you are willing to get out of your comfort zone and make a change in your life.You also want to let your professors know you are interested in writing a college essay on yourself. Do not be embarrassed to send them short letters and emails. Explain why you feel your experiences have given you insight into your experiences. By letting them know you want to express yourself, you will increase your chances of being read.Writing a college essay on yourself can also help you set yourself apart from others. It will make you stand out from the other students that have been assigned to write the same assignment. This will give you an opportunity to write about something that you are very passionate about.Sometimes a professor does not understand the circumstances surrounding you and the situation that brought you to writing this essay. They assume that everyone has the same needs and wants. By letting them know your unique situation, you will increase your chances of being read.Sometimes the process of writing an essay can be a little overwhelming. It can seem like it takes forever to finish a word, especially if you are writing a college essay on yourself. However, by being creative and exploring your passions, you can make the process a little easier on yourself. That is why you need to write a college essay on yourself.

Pepsi branding and marketing strategies defined in history Essay

In 1893 Caleb Bradham probed a few soda creations from his medication store at North Carolina. In 1898 the brand name was first presented as Brad’s drink however later renamed to Pepsi Cola (Ads and history 2007) after the pepsin and cola nuts utilized in the formula. Pepsi was first presented as a wellspring drink. It was around 750 microns wide 6 ounces straight sided bottle with paper marks stuck to them and a non-descript crown on top. Cost was accounted for to cost for just a nickel. Commercial before was done in signage and on the off chance that you can peruse the arrow’s content it says: â€Å"look for the trademark† while the base name peruses, â€Å"healthful and refreshing† (Davidson and FSU 2004). In 1903 Caleb sold around 7,968 gallons utilizing the line â€Å"exhilarating stimulating, guides digestion†. This additionally begun his diversifying movement to free financial specialists to around 24 states. In 1905 the logo was first changed at that point changed again in 1906. The trademark was additionally changed to the â€Å"original unadulterated nourishment drink† which gives a lift to deals of 38,605 gallons. In 1908 the organization was the first to move from horse attracted trucks to engine vehicles method of conveyance. In 1909 Barney Oldfield supported Pepsi as â€Å"a menace drink†¦ reviving, empowering, a fine bracer before the race.† In 1920 the topic was changed to â€Å"drink Pepsi cola, it will fulfill you†. In 1934 Pepsi cola supplanted the 6 ounce container to 12 ounce bottle at a similar value which is as yet a nickel. The move was achieved by the high melancholy which requests for ease items yet high worth. The 12 ounce bottle recently evaluated at ten pennies was cut to five pennies which made a hit since it was of same incentive as the serious colas of 6 ounce bottles. It was then known as the Pepsi heritage followed by soar deals giving the organization a genuine decent break. In 1939 they spearheaded the possibility of a funny cartoon type of publicizing in the papers presented and named as Pepsi and Pete advancing the item as â€Å"twice as much for a nickel† which intentionally expanded purchaser mindfulness simultaneously. Pepsi cola was amazingly connected across the country with two cops that were designed after the Keystone Kops and turned out to be incredibly well known. In 1940 their across the nation publicizing effort subject was changed to: â€Å"Pepsi cola hits the spot, 12 full ounces, that’s a ton twice as much for a nickel as well! Pepsi cola is the beverage for you.† Simultaneously, they propelled the principal jingle in the cola world known as â€Å"Nickel, nickel†. The jingle was recorded in fifty five distinct dialects and delivered more than one million records played across the nation on radio. It was all around adjusted by the purchasers and the individuals who have heard the jingle. Their jingles properly played to the recognition and passionate mental reactions of the customers for even after fifty years some despite everything recalled. The logo was likewise changed to a more straightforward bolder adjusted content letters that is extremely observable. Pepsi cola bottles adjusted the emblazoned 12 ounce bottle planned and had the word Pepsi blown and prepared into the side of the jug while the paper marks were supplanted as blown names too. Pepsi cola started to tap the African American specialty showcase and initiated publicizing in a Negro paper lead by an every single dark deal group. They additionally supported an across the nation article challenge employing African Americans experts all the while. A notice explicitly focused on African Americans was demonstrated by a dark mother holding a six stuffed Pepsi while the child was connecting with the containers. In 1941, the crown was changed to red, white, and blue. This was done to help America’s war exertion. They shrewdly set up a Pepsi bottle in Times Square New York. It served to help families’ record messages for abroad outfitted assistance faculty. In 1943 the subject twice as much included â€Å"bigger drink, better taste†. In 1947 one of their promotion battles profiled noticeable African Americans utilizing the title â€Å"Leaders in their field†. Utilizing prejudice as a selling point, their business shot up significantly. In 1949 the subject â€Å"why take less when Pepsi’s best† was included. In 1950 the new logo consolidated the jug top look. Publicizing was finished by advancing Pepsi as an encounter as opposed to a deal. Motto was changed to â€Å"more skip to the ounce†. They depended and contributed more with promoting that significantly increased their deals that year. The jingle was then changed to â€Å"have a Pepsi, the light refreshment†. In 1953 Americans got cognizant with weight and wellbeing that they changed their motto to â€Å"the light refreshment†. The recipe was additionally changed with a diminished caloric substance. In 1954 the trademark â€Å"refreshing without filling† was joined to the light refreshment subject. In 1958 Pepsi was referred to as the kitchen cola because of its deal branch long-lasting situating. This time Pepsi focused on the youthful in vogue shoppers. The trademark was changed to â€Å"be agreeable, have a Pepsi†. The jug was then changed to the whirl structured jug supplanting the old straight sided one. Alongside it was the presentation of the couples dancing. In 1960 the trademark was changed to â€Å"now it’s Pepsi for the individuals who think young†. It characterizes youth as a mental perspective it keeps up its intrigue for the post war youthful age and to all market portions. A few advertisements depicted individuals going angling. In 1962 the logo was changed again with serrated container tops alongside its Pepsi age advertisements. In 1963 12 ounce bottles gave way to16 ounce bottles. Pepsi at that point presented the 12 ounce Pepsi jars to the military for transport accommodation. Their publicizing history’s motto was presented as â€Å"come alive, you’re in the Pepsi generation† alongside their jingle â€Å"come alive† too. Advertisements generally depicted games and diversion idea like motorbikes, event congregation and sand cruising. In 1970 Pepsi presented the initial two liter jugs. They were likewise the first to react to consumer’s requirement for light weight recyclable plastic containers. In 1973 Pepsi changed its logo once more. The motto was likewise changed to â€Å"join the Pepsi individuals, feeling free† which is their own one of a kind translation of one individuals however with numerous characters. In 1975 Pepsi presented the Pepsi challenge showcasing effort where the aftereffects of the visually impaired tasting test between Pepsi cola and its opponent Coca cola was made open through TV advertisements. Members picked Pepsi as the cola that taste better. Accordingly Coca cola changed their equation to taste increasingly like Pepsi. The motto jingle was then â€Å"you’ve got a great deal to live, Pepsi got a ton to give†. On that year  the two liter plastishield bottle was presented. The topic is to elevate to live and to give. In 1978 the 12 stuffed can were acquainted with the market. In 1991 Pepsi presented the main polyethylene terephthalate (PET) alongside the changed of its new logo. In 1993 the motto was changed to â€Å"be youthful, have fun† displayed by Shaquille O’Neal. In 2001 Britney Spears run her first Pepsi business doing her own rendition of â€Å"The delight of Pepsi†. In 2003 Pepsi cola has another topic: â€Å"Pepsi it’s the cola.† It depicts notoriety in the cola business that goes from nourishment to fun. Assessment For a considerable length of time Pepsi has characterized itself as the motto wizard that can intently connect with the occasions and changing way of life of the customers. It has first presented itself as a wellbeing drink which was the very motivation behind why it has gathered a major bit of the cola showcase pie. As it kept on advancing in the market, it has examined its market well, and has all around created subjects and trademarks or exercises that will make buyer mindfulness. Promoting technique has consistently been the test of any outside condition and how you select your objective market, know the requirements of your market and infiltrate by spending more on ads to make shopper mindfulness. What's more, how Pepsi has entered buyers like the Blacks was by spending on ads elevating prejudice to correspondence and consequently delighted in soar deals. Strategies will consistently change alongside the development of logos, bottle structures, storyboard and jingles. Jingles and music have a solid mental impact on the brains of the buyers. It will consistently be recalled regardless of whether fifty years after the fact. Jingles tune and verses remains more in the brains of the purchasers longer than plain promotions signage, advertisements, and trademarks. As we have noted Pepsi has been delicate with what is befalling its reality strategically and with the necessities of its buyers as depicted by their consistent changed of mottos and jingles. Pepsi has consistently been depicted to be a piece of the life of their objective markets. It was never isolated in plugs as plain highlights of the item yet rather as something that buyers can extraordinarily relate to themselves. Showcasing was a quiet fighting among driving contenders. What Pepsi did was to focus on explicit undiscovered specialty advertises and advanced its topic to have the option to keep up customer database. Pepsi had consistently been quick to join on item, value, market, and advancement some of the time similarly as socioeconomics and choice which consistently came about to an enamored market. Pepsi understood that it should concentrate and play on item development and publicizing first to advance the brand and not the converse. Their solid picture was the consequence of coordinated showcasing blend factors. The trademarks were constantly guided by the idea of individuals and wellbeing as it was introduced as a wellbeing drink in the main phases of its life. At the point when Pepsi built up its crusade Pepsi age depicting the produc

Friday, July 3, 2020

Seeking The Truth In Literature - Free Essay Example

Communication, what a usual word to say and hear. If you let me take your point of view to a little different dimension, where this word becomes much deeper and meaningful. Communication is the heart of society, it is what makes people something. Some can use it perfectly, some doesn’t even know how to use it, some doesn’t need words to communicate, some use the enormous amount of words to say something unimportant. Today the writer of this paper is going to mention the ones who do the both. The authors. Some authors can take you different places, some of them can raise your heartbeat while some of them make you cry. Joan Didion writer of â€Å"Blue Nights† once said, â€Å"In certain latitudes there comes a span of time approaching and following the summer solstice, some weeks in all when the twilights turn long and blue.† This paper will consider, criticize and praise that sentence by going deeper, maybe darker, maybe lighter. The sentence â€Å"In certain latitudes there comes a span of time approaching and following the summer solstice, some weeks in all when the twilights turn long and blue.† Seems little scientific first time you see it but apparently it is not. Didion talks about that span of time that happens after summer solstice when the twilights turn long and blue. Those times when the night is blue and long Didion has some feelings, good or bad who knows? Some people like the long blue nights others like sunny shiny days with a little gentle breeze. Are you one of those who like dark, long and blue nights or one of those who likes the light and hates the darkness? That mentality should be behind of this sentence. If we push hard and try to understand Didion’s point of view; if this sentence is celebrating the solstice, because of days will start shortening and nights start longing we can easily say that he loves those long and blue nights. But this does not prove anything because t he nights that mentioned in sentence; â€Å"In certain latitudes there comes a span of time approaching and following the summer solstice, some weeks in all, when the twilights turn long and blue.† might have made him remember something bad like someone’s death, some ended relationship or the day that he lost his muse to write. Understanding an author’s point of view is not an easy thing for an ordinary person. We can only deduce whether he is talking about something nice or not. We were talking about the importance of communication of the beginning of this paper. This is one of the important moments to understand communication’s quality. The full sentence that Didion wrote in his book â€Å"Blue Nights† was ‘In certain latitudes there comes a span of time approaching and following the summer solstice†¦when the twilights turn long and blue†¦You pass a window, you walk to the central park, you find yourself swimming in the colour blue.’ Getting the correct and full information is one of the essential elements of communication. By looking at the full sentence we can easily understand that; Didion or the character that he created for his book, love those nights. Being that prejudiced is not always a good idea. After all, even if we read the whole book we can never kn ow what character or Didion thinks may be passing a window and walking to central park is a way for him to mourn. Even if we get the full properties of communication we can still be wrong.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Paper Writing Service Canada - Is it a Scam?

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Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Review of Movie My Fair Lady - 1530 Words

REVIEW OF MOVIE: MY FAIR LADY It has been theorized that the ability to communicate through language made the human species possible and in the same way, each individual becomes humanized as he/she enters into verbal communication with those around (Simmons-McDonald). If this statement is accepted as true, then it follows that the continued development of the human species depends on each individual being able to participate effectively in the process of communication. Was this the message of the movie â€Å"My Fair Lady†? Mr. Higgins certainly believed that a person’s accent and tone of voice determine his/her prospects in society and that ‘verbal class distinction could be extinct if the English taught their children how to speak.’†¦show more content†¦His expertise was demonstrated in the inter-personal exchange when he visited Mr. Higgins to inquire about the welfare of his daughter. His real intention, though, was to get some money from Mr. Higgins. He was such an ex pert in effective encoding that he succeeded, not just in stopping Mr. Higgins from calling the Police, but in getting Mr. Higgins to offer ten pounds instead of the five that he wanted. . Mr. Doolittle had no bias against the rich. He accepted the difference in status between himself, a poor dustman and Mr. Higgins, a professor. He was not intimidated by Mr. Higgins’ obviously superior status. Accustomed to living by his wits, he saw before him a man, of a different status, yes, but still a man. He acknowledged that he was one of the ‘undeserving poor’ and was content with his lot. He rationalized why he could not afford to live by middle class morals; his needs were too much. Nevertheless, he was not going to allow Mr. Higgins ‘to take advantage of his nature.’ He appealed to what they had in common- their masculinity and their ability to reason. His tone of voice, gestures, body language and facial expression helped to ensure proper decoding of his message. In the end, he was able to impress Mr. Higgins with his natural gift of rhetoric e.g. ‘I’m willing to tell you, I’m wanting to tell you, I’m waiting to tellShow MoreRelatedReview of Movie : My Fair Lady1519 Words   |  7 PagesREVIEW OF MOVIE: MY FAIR LADY It has been theorized that the ability to communicate through language made the human species possible and in the same way, each individual becomes humanized as he/she enters into verbal communication with those around (Simmons-McDonald). If this statement is accepted as true, then it follows that the continued development of the human species depends on each individual being able to participate effectively in the process of communication. Was this the messageRead MoreEssay on Biography of Audrey Hepburn1574 Words   |  7 Pagesfriends and could usually be found in the garden, hiding underneath a tree or bush (Harris 21). To make matters worse, Audrey’s parents were in the process of getting a divorce. She once said of the incident, â€Å"The most traumatic event in my life was when my father left my mother† (Harris 19). In the middle of the court proceedings, Audrey’s mother moved to London to be close to her daughter. There was an immediate change in Audrey’s personality. She soon became more open and made many friends, andRead MoreThe Musical, My Fair Lady Directed By George Cukor906 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Review This critical review is about the musical, My Fair Lady, directed by George Cukor based on the play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw. This musical altered some of the scenes and added new ones. The basic storyline of the text is about a young flower girl that runs into a phonetics teacher who claims that he could sell her as a duchess. The flower girl, which is later known to be Eliza, takes up the offer and starts speech lessons with the teacher, Mr. Higgins. He coachers her nightRead MoreMinor And Major Problems Have Occurred During This Reporting Period1306 Words   |  6 Pagesshift, I am responsible for closing out my computer and printing out my paperwork for the day. After printing out the paperwork, documentation was shown that I did not recall doing under my keys. This is a common problem for working at the front desk. Another front desk employee was working under my keys and mistakenly forgot to complete the additional documentation needed for the submissions she made on m y computer. The issue was that a guest needed a movie charge taken off. Whenever this happensRead MoreA Great Audience Member : Kevin Williamson, A Roving Correspondent For The National Review Magazine And Theater Critic1317 Words   |  6 PagesHow to be a Great Audience Member! Kevin Williamson, a roving correspondent for the National Review magazine and theater critic for The New Criterion, attended a performance of a new cabaret-type musical named â€Å"War and Peace†, written by â€Å"Natasha, Pierre, and the Great Comet of 1812.† While Mr. Williamson was at the musical he was seated on a bench next to a woman who was impolitely using her phone throughout the musical. Mrs. Williamson asked the young woman if she would mind putting away her cellRead MorePersonal Reflection on the Message Behind Super Size Me Essay1652 Words   |  7 PagesSUPER SIZE ME DOCUMENTORY I. Summarize the documentary â€Å"Super Size Me†. Give a detailed description of the coverage of the documentary, and state briefly the â€Å"take-away† message it gives. Do not cut paste from reviews of the movie from any source. This must be in your own words. â€Å"Super size me†, produced and directed by Morgan Spurlock, takes on the role of a common American who eats fast food on a daily basis. He tries to prove the intense damage fast food can do to one’s body and healthRead MoreThe Phantom of the Opera Essay1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Phantom of the Opera is a novel written by Gaston Leroux. The novel takes place in Paris. The exact time is unknown but would be around 1910. The reviews from the critics are very different. Although Gaston Lerouxs The Phantom of the Opera has not generally been highly commended by critics, many would agree that there are several elements that prove Leroux to be a talented writer. One of the strongest elements in the novel is the narrators voice. The narrator is on a questRead MoreHorror Films And Gothic Horrors2537 Words   |  11 Pages HORROR FILMS In this paper, I will be discussing reviews on horror films and gothic horrors using the movie mama as my main example. My aim is to analyse the horror genre and the emotional effects it has on different people. My objectives are to identify and analyse the generic elements of the horror genre, gather people’s opinions about the horror genre and to find out the reasons for these opinions. To aid my research, I have prepared and shared out questionnaires with open andRead MoreTim Burton s Work As A Director2501 Words   |  11 Pagesplayer, worked for the City of Burbank Sports Department. His mother owned a cat-themed gift shop (for cats) called Cats Plus. Burton s room had two large windows that overlooked the yard, but his parents boarded them up (Pringle). My parents covered the windows in my bedroom for insulation, with a little slit at the top to let in light. I’ve always related to Edgar Allen Poe, who wrote several stories about being buried alive. I always felt a dark unhappiness permeating the air in their house (FragaRead MoreReview Of The Tale Of Tim Burton 2518 Words   |  11 Pagesplayer, worked for the City of Burbank Sports Department. His mother owned a cat-themed gift shop (for cats) called Cats Plus. Burton s bedroom had two large windows that overlooked the yard, but his parents boarded them up (Pringle). My parents covered the windows in my bedroom for insulation, with a little slit at the top to let in light. I’ve always related to Edgar Allen Poe, who wrote several stories about being buried alive. I always felt a dark unhappiness permeating the air in their house (Fraga

Friday, May 15, 2020

Parenthood Should Not Be Used For Fund Planned Parenthood

Planned Parenthood provides services to approximately 2.7 million people a year. Planned Parenthood also receives an estimated $500 million of federal funding. Not only do they receive federal funding, they also received about $250 million from other sources and raised approximately $50 million in fees from their services. Tax dollars should not be used to fund Planned Parenthood because there is a lot of controversy about the services that Planned Parenthood provides, many do not agree with certain decisions Planned Parenthood makes, and there’s a lot of debate about what Planned Parenthood spends their money on. There has been plenty of talk about how much of the services Planned Parenthood really provides. According to Planned Parenthood, the organization only provides 3% of abortions to the 2.7 million women they service a year. (3) However, the Susan B. Anthony List states that the organization provides 94% of abortions. (1) Both of these statistics can be misleading thou gh. The Washington Post states, â€Å"SBA List, which opposes abortion rights, arrives at its 94% figure by comparing abortions to two other categories of services that are provided to pregnant patients – or ‘pregnancy services’† (Ye Hee Lee 1). In other words, the SBA List does not account for the other services like, STD testing, adoption services, and contraception, that Planned Parenthood provides. The Washington Post also notes, â€Å"The 3% figure that Planned Parenthood uses is misleading, comparingShow MoreRelatedParenthood, A Non Profit Healthcare Group1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe History of Planned Parenthood and the Constitutional Right to Abortions Planned Parenthood, a non-profit healthcare group has been under fire with the public hoping to defund the clinics. Planned Parenthood is a health care provider that was funded 100 years ago. In 1916 a Birth control organization was created by Margaret Sanger . When it was first created, it didn’t consider the health or rights of women as a motive. Instead it was founded in order to stop child labor and infant mortality (PrimroseRead MoreParenthood Is A Health Care Provider1730 Words   |  7 PagesPlanned Parenthood is a health care provider that focuses on supplying women and men of all ages and backgrounds with health care and sex education. This includes, but is not limited to, contraception, testing and treatment for sexually transmitted diseases, screenings for cancers, sexual education courses, and, most notably, abortions. Planned Parenthood finds itself at the center of much controversy specifically for its role in terminating pregnancies, as well as providing studen ts with sex educationRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Debate1305 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversial topic for not only the American people, but the congress as well. Republicans argue their views on why the American people should not be forced to pay taxes that will directly go to abortions procedures, and Democrats continue to rebut. This controversial debate revolves directly around Planned Parenthood. GOP continues to push the ban on federal funds allotted to this particular organization, due to its involvement in abortions and alleged tissue and stem cell sales. But how is tax payer’sRead MoreA Social Problem That Is Currently Occurring Is Rather1748 Words   |  7 Pagesoccurring is rather federal funding should continue to keep Planned Parenthood open. Donald Trump has recently joined other Republicans in their vow to end federal funding for Planned Parenthood, solely based on the idea that Planned Parenthood health care services provide for patients to receive an abortion. The percentage of abortions that Planned Parenthood actually does are less than 3% (Planned Parenthood Statistics). Taking funds away from Planned Parenthood creates a problem not only in AmericaRead MoreParenthood : A Non Profit Organization That Does A World Of Good?966 Words   |  4 Pagesorganization that does a world of good? I most certainly don’t. Planned Parenthood protects, supports, and educates our society greatly from the services they provide. This essay will provide evidence and reasoning that prove that Planned Parenthood is a beneficial necessity for society, proving that it would be a horrific mistake if Congress chose to defund Planned Parenthood. First things first, it is important to know that Planned Parenthood mainly provides contraception to those whose cannot affordRead MoreParenthood : A Middle Ground1483 Words   |  6 Pagescervical cancer no matter if they perform abortions. This has been reversed by President Trump. Trump has signed legislation to cut federal funding to Planned Parenthood and other groups that perform abortion. This was a move defended by conservatives that have demanded to impose curbs on reproductive rights. â€Å"Trump has showed ambivalence about planned parenthood, voicing support for its health- related services other than abortion, and his daughter Ivanka has urged him to tread carefully on the issue, concernedRead MorePlanned Parenthood1299 Words   |  6 PagesPlanned Parenthood Planned Parenthood federation of America (PPFA), better known as Planned Parenthood, is a non-profit organization that provides healthcare and family planning services. Planned Parenthood is the nations leading sexual and reproductive health care provider and advocate (Planned). Planned Parenthood receives federal funding to help practice the services they provide, but some groups believe that funding this organization is morally wrong. Critics of Planned Parenthood say theRead MoreThe Importance Of Planned Parenthood1459 Words   |  6 Pagescountry, they turn to Planned Parenthood who not only deals with pregnancy but also is resource in birth control, informative about sexual health but STD testing, screenings (â€Å"Sexual Health Topic†). April 14th of 2017, President Trump has signed a law targeting to defund Planned parenthood ( Davis, Julie Hirschfeld). Planned Parenthood should be continued to be funded by the government as giving the safest service for a citizens sex ual health is critical. Planned Parenthood can provide care towardsRead MoreParenthood Is Affordable, The United States Department Of Health, Education, And Welfare1025 Words   |  5 PagesMany men and women in America don’t have insurance or simply cannot afford health care. Planned Parenthood does have professional doctors who specialized in many reproductive health services. Planned Parenthood is affordable, the program takes a patient whether they have insurance or not, not only that, they charge you by how much income you make. Low income Americans have access to these services too. â€Å"The United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare, for example, created a federalRead MoreThe Debate Over Birth Control1251 Words   |  6 Pageswhether or not contraception should be easily accessible. This topic has been discussed since the early 1900’s, and is showing no signs of being solved anytime soon. Currently, the argument surrounding birth control is wh ether or not the government should be providing it at little to no cost for those who cannot afford it. It is hard to argue that spreading education and information about contraceptives isn’t important, however people can argue about placing government funds behind it until they’re blue

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay on Huxleys Brave New World - 1362 Words

Although Huxleys novel is set in the far, far future, his predictions are coming into view much sooner than that. Technology has come a long way, and has given a lot of simplicity to one’s life. However, it comforted society so much that society started to depend on it too much. By depending on it too much, society allowed technology to replace the use of one’s mind. In Brave New World, Huxley predicts what is happening in today’s world and what will continue happening in the near future. In Huxley’s world, everything is based on technology and the people that live there are pretty much dehumanized. And all of this starts in small test tubes with embryos inside of them. In this society there is a social class that everyone is†¦show more content†¦Each and everyday, the American society becomes much like the one in the book, seeing sex as an everyday obsession. When thinking of progress, most people think of advances in the scientific fields, believing that most discoveries and technologies are useful to society. Are these advances as usful as most people think? Huxley warns his readers that scientific advances can be a threat to society. This is mainly clear in the fields of biology, technology and psychology. According to Huxley, The theme of Brave New World is not the advancement of science as such, it is the advancement of science as it affects human individuals(Huxley ). In the new world which Huxley creates, if there is even a bit of anger, the drug Soma is prescribed to cure the problem. If a friend were noticing your depression, they would chime in with the chant, one cubic centimetre of soma cures ten gloomy sentiments(54). This catchphrase is taught to everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Unhappiness, academic curiosity, suffering, disagreement - none of these feelings is allowed in the world which Huxley creates. At the first sign of unhappiness, Soma is prescribed. Emotions of all types are controlled to provide stability and certainty within the population. Without Soma, Huxley’s world would definitely be unstable. Soma has no side effects and Huxley describes it as â€Å"a vacation†. In today’s world with our increasing stress, andShow MoreRelatedBrave New World - Huxleys Message1253 Words   |  6 PagesA protagonist is described as the prominent character in a novel or text. In Aldous Huxley’s â€Å"Br ave New World†, John the Savage is the central protagonist opposed to Bernard Marx or Helmholtz Watson because he symbolizes cultural difference amongst the World State and the Savage Reservation. Although Bernard and Helmholtz demonstrate differences that would not be accepted in the civilized society, they are only seen as leading characters. Huxley uses John’s character to point out the short comingsRead MoreAldous Huxleys Brave New World1958 Words   |  8 Pagesabilities, which include increased attention span and cognition span. Drugs like OxyContin have also been used to help with empathy, and to make people feel happier. It may be believed that a drug like soma was only possible in Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World, but perhaps not. Utilitarian’s have been pushing for human enhancement that uses drugs, genetic engineering and nanotechnology to ensure the maximum amount of happiness possible while attempting to eliminate any pain. Proponents be lieveRead More Huxleys Brave New World Essay examples1220 Words   |  5 PagesHuxleys Brave New World Today, in 21st century United States, people are concerned with the fast pace of new and growing technology, and how these advances should be used. In the last decade alone we have seen major advancements in technology; in science, cloning has become a reality, newer, more powerful drugs have been invented and, in communications, the Internet has dominated society. There is a cultural lag due to the fast rate of increasing technology, and while the governmentsRead More Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pages Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World The New World, a man-made Utopia, governed by its motto, Community, Identity, Stability (Huxley 3). A man-made world in every way. Human beings fertilized in bottles. Identity, gender, intelligence, position in society, all predestined. Human beings classified in the order of precedence: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon. Every one conditioned to be a certain way. Every one works for every one else (Huxley, 74). All man-made to ensure social stabilityRead MoreAnalysis of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1452 Words   |  6 Pages In our world, there is a plethora of societies. Different societies have different approaches to freedom, and have different ideas of what freedom is. In our society, we are taught that freedom is something that everybody should have no matter who they are or where they are from. In A Brave New World, Huxley gives us two examples of societies. These societies are the World State and the Reservation and they both have very different types of and views on f reedom. By using these two examples and providingRead MoreEssay about Huxleys Message in Brave New World971 Words   |  4 PagesHuxleys Hidden Message Aldous Huxley has a humanistic, deep and enlightened view of how society should be, and of what constitutes true happiness. In his novel, Brave New World, he shows his ideas in a very obscure manner. Huxley presents his ideas in a satirical fashion. This sarcastic style of writing helped Huxley show his views in a very captivating and insightful manner. The entire novel describes a dystopia in which intimate relationships, the ability to choose ones destiny, and the importanceRead More Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Essay779 Words   |  4 Pages In the quot;Brave New Worldquot; of 632 A. F. (After Ford), universal human happiness has been achieved. (Well, almost.) Control of reproduction, genetic engineering, conditioning--especially via repetitive messages delivered during sleep--and a perfect pleasure drug called quot;Somaquot; are the cornerstones of the new society. Reproduction has been removed from the womb and placed on the conveyor belt, where reproductive workers tinker with the embryos to produce various grades of humanRead More Society Exposed in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesSociety Exposed in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World One may think that the society in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World is a gross representation of the future, but perhaps our society isn’t that much different. In his foreword to the novel Brave New World, Aldous Huxley envisioned this statement when he wrote: To make them love it is the task assigned, in present-day totalitarian states, to ministries of propaganda.... Thus, through hypnopaedic teaching (brainwashing), mandatory attendanceRead MoreEssay on Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1949 Words   |  8 Pagesof the savage reservation in New Mexico. Despite not being introduced until Chapter 7, John is seen as the centralizing character of the novel. Unlike the rest of his community, he is educated. When Lenina and Bernard come across John during their trip, they soon realize John’s biological father is the Director, Thomas. Once reaffirming this, Bernard and Lenina offer to bring John and Linda back to the World State. Hoping to connect better to the people in the World State, John gladly accepts. ItRead MoreAlcohol in Our Society; Huxleys View in Relation to Brave New World833 Words   |  4 PagesAlcohol in Our Society; Huxley’s View in Relation to Brave New World Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World is a science fiction book that captures both the good and bad sides of cloning and mass production of humans through science. Huxley’s book, published in 1932, conveys his well-developed and disturbingly accurate ideas about human behavior in what was then the distant future. In addition, his writing measures the capacity for which humans can obsess over not only having a perfect society

Essay on The Influence of Christianity on Ancient and...

The Influence of Christianity on Ancient and Modern Greece Problems with format ?From the earliest establishment of Christian churches in Macedonia, Achaia, Epirus, and Crete, to the expansion of the Orthodox Church, Greece has been a formidable landmark for development of Christianity throughout the world.? From its arrival to Greece with the first preaching of Paul, the Christian faith has undergone a unique assimilation into the cultural and philosophical traditions of the Greek people to create a church, visibly distinguishable from all other sects and denominations of Christianity.? Christianity has certainly influenced the nation of Greece.? However, it is safe to say that Greek culture has also had a notable effect on the†¦show more content†¦Throughout the centuries, it has been largely dedicated to ?seeking to come to as careful a comprehension as possible of the mysteries of the Christian faith.?[1]? Following Greece?s philosophical roots, it is not hard to see why Greeks put so much emphasis on doctrine.? Socrates introduced human logic as a sufficient means of examining human nature, as opposed to the superstitious beliefs of less ?enlightened? societies.? The systems of Plato and Aristotle laid the groundwork for doctrinal proofs through scientific theology.[2]? Indeed, the Greeks prided themselves on a clarity of mind which the rest of the world had yet to achieve.? By coming to the height of human potential for reason and sophistication without the aid of Christianity, the Greeks were in a sense prepared to incorporate their progress into the truths of religion. This philosophy would not only be a bridge to faith for the Greeks, but a recurring tool, used to define and refine Christian doctrine.? Doctrinal attention was especially prominent during the time of the seven ecumenical councils, between the fourth and early ninth centuries.? It was here that the Church examined the nature of the Trinity, the person of Christ, and made conclusions about the controversy of icons used in worship.? The councils made logic-based conclusions, while attempting to uphold theShow MoreRelatedGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words   |  6 Pagestime and comparing the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece to today, the root of our knowledge are greatly influenced on the minds who have lived at that time. Some may ask which civilization had the most impact on United States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece infl uenced the world and United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United StatesRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1335 Words   |  6 Pagesand comparing the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece to today, the root of our knowledge is greatly influenced on the minds who have lived at that time. Some may ask which civilization had the most impact on United States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the world and the United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United StatesRead More Greek And Roman Influence On Western Civilization Essay581 Words   |  3 Pages Western civilization is what we call modern society that mainly includes North America and Western Europe. But how did this western way of life come to be? Their are many different ways but mainly through ancient cultures. The two main ones are the Greek and Roman. Greece with their golden age and Rome with its great Empire and Republic and also together. Their are many ways in which western civilization is like the ancient Greek civilization. They started the Olympic games. Greeks comeRead MoreGreek And Roman Comparisons And Contributions1698 Words   |  7 PagesRoman Comparisons and Contributions Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome are responsible for many facets in today’s world. In fact, when reviewing history, the Greeks and Romans are sometimes confused with one another. There are many shared traditions, but yet there are many differences between the two. The countries are both Mediterranean, however they had different social class structures, different mythology, and placed different values on life. Ancient Greece was vibrant in the fifth century B.CRead MoreGreek Culture and its Influences Today Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pageslifetime could absorb it all.† Ancient Greeks are known to be one of the greatest and most advanced people and have left behind a legacy that helped define the Western civilization. Cultural diffusion helped spread Greek culture all over the world, and its effects can still be felt today in almost every aspect. Greek culture has greatly affected different parts of my daily life including architecture, food, government, inventions, mu sic, religion, and education. Modern day architecture in AmericaRead MoreHow The Ancient Greeks And Romans Still Influence Our Modern World869 Words   |  4 PagesIt is important for students to understand how the ancient Greeks and Romans still influence our modern world. Ancient Greece was the birthplace modern mathematics, science, philosophy, architecture, literature, theater, art, architecture, Democracy, Law, and competitive sports. The term mathematics was invented by Pythagoras. It means that which is learned. In turn, mathematical theories were applied to building the great architecture of Greece. The great Greek temples are visual representationsRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Epic Of The Iliad And Odyssey903 Words   |  4 Pagesnarrative, I will analyze two themes from Homer’s epic’s pertaining to the Iliad and the Odyssey. I have chosen hospitality (Xenia) and shame (Aidos) as the subject of interest, and will focus on these as a main source of the topic. Xenia is the ancient Greek word for â€Å"hospitality†, which is the consideration and kindness shown to those who are far from home and/or associates of the person bestowing xenia upon them. The rituals of hospitality created and conveyed a reciprocal relationship betweenRead MoreThe Great Leaders Of Pericles And Constantine1516 Words   |  7 Pagesthen begins to think about it. This all happened a long time ago. Today, the two people mentioned are remembered as two great leaders that lived before, in the ancient world. Throughout history, they changed the lives of many, and affected many others during their rule. Pericles and Constantine were examples of great leaders in the ancient world. Under their rule, changes were made. Both led armies into battles against others. However, they both had a different style of leading and gave differentRead MoreThe Contributions Of The Ancient Greeks And Romans754 Words   |  4 PagesThe contributions of the ancient Greeks and Romans still influence our modern world. Greece was the birthplace of: World famous mathematicians: Thales of Miletus-Thales Theorem, Pythagoras of Samos, who coined the term, mathematics, (that which is learned.) As well as Pythagoras’s Theorem, A (2) +B (2) =C (2) Euclid (Eukleides)of Alexandria, treatise on geometry, the Elements. Origins of Architecture. Modern skyscrapers are still designed in the image of the great Greek Columns. MathematicalRead MoreEssay The Foundation of The United States of America1788 Words   |  8 Pagescivilization, the Roman Empire and Athens Greece. Both were well ahead of their time in terms of invention, studies, and ideas. The United States of America owes its thanks to both of these nation; our laws, government, scientific understanding, and continued advancement in technology all started from them. Athens Greece impacted us in a broader and much more significant sense because it was the genesis for the Olympic, advance mathematics, and the start of modern medicines. â€Å"The great book of nature

Free sample for Total Product concept market leadership

Question: Describe about the Total Product Concept for Market Leadership. Answer: Abstract Marketing mix is one of the most known marketing terms and it an integral part a marketing plan. Marketing mix is a set of well structured marketing methods which comprise of price, product, place and promotion. All the Organizations maintain a well combined system of all these aspects in order to cater to their target market (Kotler Armstrong 2010). The marketing mix process is a combination of various elements where the target for the higher brands is to focus on the promotion of the product than its price. This is evident with the high value products as the high profile customers will not be sensitive towards the price of a specific product. In this article, we will discuss and analyse the total product concept with the product components and its description. We would also analyse various product layers with the most suitable examples. Introduction (Kotler Armstrong 2010) have given a new structure for Marketing where they have defined it as a social concept where there is an exchange of products and services with an associated value. It can also be defined as the process by which the Companies create maximum value for its Customers and also develop and maintain a strong relationship in order to endure the value from the Customers. The total concept has gone through a major transformation where the Companies have gone way beyond to understand the need analysis of its Customers and they have customised their products depending on the suggestions provided. AMA (2012) has provided a new structure for Marketing where they have defined it as a System of value creation and delivery in order to maintain a long term relationship with its Customers. Marketing objectives are the marketing strategies formed in order to achieve and sustain the overall organizational objectives. The marketing objectives are goals which are given structured timelines by which they have to be achieved. The main objectives of marketing are creation of demand, customer satisfaction, market share and its value, profits made and creation and sustenance of good will within the market. Of these marketing objectives, there is an important product concept which is of the product itself. The marketing definitions which we have discussed earlier have proved that marketing is not about selling products however it is related to satisfying products. From the research conducted by Boone and Kurtz (2005, P.318) a product is defined as A bundle of physical, service and symbolic attributes which are designed to satisfy a Customers wants and needs. Total Product signifies that the product could serve various Customers in different ways. Variance comes into effect because the Customers might look at different products in different ways where for example, paper was once assumed and was used for writing purposes and in the recent past with the issues caused by plastic, people and companies have realized the need to come up with additional packaging materials where paper is being used as the main component of such packing materials. This confirms the understanding of the total product concept. The total product concept consists of 3 levels like The core product its advantages which it can offer and the main purpose for which it is being purchased for The main product The product which is being purchased The augmented product The parts and the main components of the product The purpose of the essay is to demonstrate the learning of one of the three mega - marketing concepts like Total Product Concept, product consideration, product layers and product components. The scope of the article is vast where we will analyse and discuss the main concepts related to the Total Product Concept, product consideration, product layers and product components and the new product development. The vastness of the topic might be challenging to cover all the aspects of the total product concept. Analysis Product Layers Concept The total product concept is all about the three layers of the product where the Customers imagine the product to be the main physical item. The nature of the product can be explored by analysing the three layers like Core product, Actual Product and the Augmented Product (Kokemuller nd). Core Product is not the physical product which the Customers can touch. Core in this aspect signifies the advantages of the product which makes it more valuable from a Customer point of view (Baines, Fill Page 2011). With the example which we have considered earlier of a paper, the advantage of using paper is that it makes it easier to pack any material and the disposal of the material is also convenient. The second advantage is that we are not polluting the environment and causing further damage to the communities around. Actual Product is the physical product which we can touch. The paper bag which is produced and made for use can be touched and felt by hand in order to use it. Augmented Product is related to the non physical aspect of the product. These aspects cover the value add of the product than the cost involved for procuring the product. For example, the augmented products of buying a new vehicle would be the accessories and products which are given as a value add to the Customer. As per the augmented products, the features which are provided can also be customised as per the convenience of the Customers. Product Components Products can be classified and grouped depending on the type of Consumers it has and the product components also need to be changed with the marketing mix depending on the type of Consumers it has (Bearden 2005). Product components are also relevant to the features and benefits of the product where the critical aspect is that the products have a large set of features however the advantages which the products offer are minimal (Brassington Pettit 2013). The product components are significant to the marketing environment where the features can be altered depending on the type of needs the Customers have. For example, if a chopping machine comes with in built blades where they are non adjustable and non removable the Consumers might find it difficult to use however if the machine comes with replaceable blades, this makes it more convenient to use. At this stage, we can confirm that the product components are designed in a way to let the Consumers have more access to the type of products they require. In order to develop the total product concept, the marketing companies will conduct a research to identify the advantages which they can offer their Consumers and they will relate the features of the product to the advantages which they can provide. New Product Development The New Product Development is the process which takes place before the products get finalised and this is implemented by the experienced researchers where they consider the Consumers choices of products and the benefits which they look for. The New Product Development also happens by expecting the needs of the Consumers in various situations (Dibb, Simkin, Pride Ferrell 2012). The process of the New Product Development is conducted by considering various advantages at all the product levels like the core, the main and the augmented levels. The critical aspect which has seen an immense growth as a response in the business is that the product parts get replaced for the actual ones and this has led to the discovery of the new product lines and has resulted in producing most of the innovative products. Classification of the product lines Different types of classification of product lines are Convenience of packaging Packaging has become a new trend in attracting Consumers in the market. Consumers will go for newer look in terms of products and their packaging. Marketers at this point have to consider the time taken for the delivery of the products as well Specialty offers Alternative choices might not work for all the Consumers as they might not prefer alternate brands when they originally have their trusted ones. For example, when a Consumer is looking to buy a car, he might not accept an alternate brand which he has never experienced Post sales experience This is the most critical aspect of the marketing environment in the present times, the marketing brands and the companies themselves dont care about the after sales and the performance of the actual product. This leads to a major disturbance in terms of the product sales and the brand in specific. This classification might also vary for different products especially the business products. The difference lies with relation to Production products The products which are essential for initiating the production process like the raw materials, major machinery parts like the minor or smaller components, production materials and the final production materials Support products The post sales products like the major and minor product accessories, the consumable supplies and business to business services. Product Life Cycle The product life cycle is based on the biological life cycle of the products. The changing trends in the preferences of the products by the Consumers keep altering their product choices (Marketing Teacher nd). This could also vary with the change in the sharp declines of the product prices. At this stage, the Consumers have various choices which they opt for and this could reduce the overall profitability of the brand and this would lead them to cost cutting measures. The second aspect of the market development would be the evaluation of the product which involves testing the product idea and the marketing model. In order to evaluate the product, the three levels of a product are useful as a marketing tool. There are various tests which can be conducted like the consumers can test the product by exposing them to the preferences of the product. Various product elements can be evaluated by different Consumers where they can evaluate the product elements, packaging, materials used for packaging and the labelling. Elements of a product mix If the Organizations market different products, it is called as a product mix like Product Items different types of products which they can offer Product Line The grouping of the products Product Mix A larger group of products which are marketed by a single organization These elements of product mix are evaluated by depth and width of the products which are come under a product line. This category doesnt face a lot of competitors, has various consumer segments, has a lot of vendor support, has a wide range of prices for the numerous product categories and has an ability for a higher cost inventory. Under the width analysis, the total product lines which the Company can offer are covered and it also enables the Organization to introduce various newer product categories by accommodating different consumer needs and ensures that all its Consumers have a one stop solution for buying at their company. Conclusion The Companies in the present times are competing effectively in order to maximise the opportunities of making effective sales under their Organizational brand. Based on the discussion and analysis we have made, the Companies should be able to adjust their product mix and they have to analyse and understand the market competition and should also consider the customer attitudes and behaviour towards their products(Reimer Kuehn 2005). The newer product lines which the company develops should be aimed at constant and continuous innovation which includes all the consumer behaviours, ways in which the consumers would adapt themselves to a new product and get used to them and introduce newer consumption patterns at all times. This strategy will help the Companies to face the open competition in the market and will help to do a continuous systematic search for newer product opportunities. References Amber Keefer. (nd). Pros Cons of a Global Marketing Strategy, Viewed on Sep 25th 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/pros-cons-global-marketing-strategy-40456.html Akkaya (nd). Marketing Strategies, Retrieved on Sep 25th 2016. https://www.ekonomi.gov.tr/upload/BF09AE98-D8D3-8566-4520B0D124E5614D/Fatih_Akkaya.pdf Baines P., Fill C., Page K. (2011). Marketing, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bearden (2005). Consequences of Market Orientation. Retrieved on Sep25th 2016. https://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/~moorman/Marketing%20Strategy%20Course%20Materials/Kirca,%20et%20al.%20-%20Market%20Orientation.pdf Bearden (2005). Market Orientation. Retrieved on Sep 25th 2016. https://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/~moorman/Marketing%20Strategy%20Course%20Materials/Kirca,%20et%20al.%20-%20Market%20Orientation.pdf Belch, G.E, (2008). "Advertising and Promotion", An Integrated Marketing Communication Perspectives. seventh edition, McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, America. Brassington F. Pettit S. (2013). Essentials of Marketing, Harlow: Pearson. Dibb S., Simkin L., Pride W., Ferrell O. (2012). Marketing, Concepts and Strategies. Andover: Cengage Baines P., Fill C., Page K. (2011). Marketing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kokemuller (n.d.). The Advantages of Market Orientation. Retrieved on Sep 25th 2016.https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-marketing-orientation-20975.html Kokemuller (n.d.). Concentrated Strategy. Retrieved on Sep 25th 2016. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-marketing-orientation-20975.html Kotler O., Armstrong G., Harris L., Piercy N. (2013). Principles of Marketing. Harlow: Pearson Marketing Teacher (nd). Product Life Cycle. Retrieved on Sep 25th 2016. https://www.marketingteacher.com/product-life-cycle-plc/ Kokemuller, (nd). What is a Total Product. Retrieved on Sep 25th 2016. https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/total-product-13298.html Kotler, P. Armstrong, G. (2013). Principles of Marketing. 14th edition. Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex, England. Pearson Education. Reimer, A. Kuehn, R. (2005). The impact of service scape on quality perception. European Journal of Marketing, 39( 7/8), 785-80

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Analysis of Situation in Hofstede’s Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Situation in Hofstedes. Answer: Introduction: Culture can be defined as a collective phenomenon, which sets several unwritten norms with respect to which an individual of a specific group (ethnic or geographical) differ from another. Cultural aspects significantly decide the code of conduct of an individual, not only in his or her personal life but also in the work place. Individuals accustomed to one lifestyle pattern often face difficulties after moving to some other country, due to stark cultural differences (Minkov and Hofstede 2012). These problems are especially more serious in their work places, which may affect their work satisfaction as well as their career graph significantly. In this particular case, Lee has stayed in Australia for long to complete his high school studies, MBA and internship before moving back to Korea, his motherland, to work in an international food and beverage company (Yang et al. 2012). Being a resident of Australia for fifteen years, Lee faces several crisis in his new work place in the Korean e nvironment, much of which is attributed to the cultural differences between the two countries. The situation in the company, in which Lee works, can be explained in the following discussion, using Hofstedes Framework of cultural dimensions (Hofstede, Jonker and Verwaart 2012). Analysis of situation in Hofstedes Framework: The Hofstedes Framework is a theory of cultural dimensions, which tries to analyze the cross-cultural communications and cultural differences between countries in terms of multiple dimensions namely: a) Index of Power Distance- Higher value of this index indicates the existence of a steep hierarchical construct in that society whereas a lower value implies flatter power dynamics (Minkov and Hofstede 2012). b) Collectivism and Individualism- Collectivism is high in the societies, where, people tend to work together, in an integrated way to achieve collective goals. On the other hand, individualistic societies are characterized by individuals, more motivated towards achieving personal goals (Gorodnichenko and Roland 2012). c) Index of Uncertainty Avoidance- A society with ranking high in this index generally is characterized by more rigidity and less acceptance of non-convenient thoughts whereas the ones with low scores are more accepting and ambiguous (Yang 2012). d) Masculine and Feminine- A masculine society generally attaches heroism, material rewards and achievements with success whereas, those with more femininity, believes more in modesty and cooperation and has a special caring attitude towards the weak ones (Hofstede, Jonker and Verwaart 2012). e) Indulgence- A society allowing fulfillment of individual desires and ways of having fun and imposes less restraints on the individuals emotions. Conversely, their counterparts believe in restrictions and controls over ones emotions and lifestyles (Kohun, Bur?ik and Skovira 2012). Long Term Orientation - High scores indicates that the society values practical examples more than traditional norms (Taras, Steel and Kirkman 2012).] Korea, scoring high in the index of power distance than Australia, has a stiff hierarchical societal construct, both in personal and professional domains. Therefore, early departure of Lee (though he departed early only after competing all his tasks) was being seen as a rude approach towards his superiors (Geert-hofstede.com, 2017). On the other hand, the country believes more in collectivism than individualism, which implies that the efforts given by Lee in order to gain personal attention, and in order to stick out of the crowd was deemed as highly inappropriate and selfish behavior on his part, by his company. This may happen because being a Korean organization, the other employees and the company as a whole may believe in collective accolades and achieving together (Lee 2012). Lee likes to dye his hair and prefers casual clothing. This may not be an issue in Australia as it believes in indulgence and freedom of choosing ones lifestyle. However, Korea scoring strikingly low in the indulgence index, these indulgences on part of Lee may not be seen as an appropriate behavior by Lees company and his co-workers, thereby making him more distant from other employees. Korea scores significantly high in the Index of Uncertainty Avoidance, implying the society in general is not highly accepting or open towards new ideas or thoughts (Despotovic, Hutchings. and McPhail 2015). Therefore, Lees approach of suggesting new and innovative ideas for the betterment of the company, are heard by his superiors but are not implemented in reality, as the company may not be inviting new experimenting approaches and believes in following conventional guidelines towards the path of success (Mttnen 2014). Together, all these factors, as explained in terms of the Hofstedes Framework, may have contributed in creating a hostile environment for Lee in his new workplace situated in Korea. Possible Strategies that can be taken by Lee: The hostile environment and distant attitudes of the co-workers, faced by Lee in his new work place, are mainly the result of the massive cultural differences between Lee, who though Korean by birth, has stayed for long in Australia and the company in Korea where he is currently working (Lee 2012). His company and his co-workers are negatively interpreting many of his non-significant actions and behaviors. This in its turn is leaving a negative essence in his work life and work place. These problems can be mitigated by implementing several simple but clever strategies with significant implications and affect on his professional conduct and on his career graph in the long run. Few of these potential strategies are discussed below: a) Staying back in his office, even after his work has been done and leaving only after his superiors in the company have left, may portray respecting hierarchy and his seniors on part of Lee. This may create a positive impression about him in his company, thereby decreasing the hostility to some extent (Layous et al. 2013). b) Instead of trying to work alone and stick out of the crowd to gain personal appraisals, Lee can try to mix up with his co-workers and work collectively with them with the objective of taking his team as a whole towards more productivity. The sense of collectivism can make his colleagues feel less distant with him ad may help Lee in the long run by strengthening his base in the company (Despotovic, Hutchings. and McPhail 2015). c) A little adjustments and changes in his personal behavior, like not arriving at his work place in casuals or maintain a decent, formal appearance without striking dyes in his hair or other loud style statements will change Lees lifestyle significantly, but, will definitely create a positive perception about himself to his colleagues and company. Following a strictly formal and simple dress code may help in his image building in the Korean company (Mttnen 2014). d) Spending a considerable amount of time in Australia, Lee is accustomed in its culture of freethinking and an outward approach in expressing ones emotions and opinions. However, implementing the same approach in the Korean company can have negative implications and his outward approach may be perceived as his over-smartness. Lee can maintain a more reserved and introverted approach, especially while approaching his seniors, in order to make a positive impression about himself in the company (Despotovic, Hutchings. and McPhail 2015). Potential Strategies for the Korean Manager: In the above discussion, potential strategies of Lee, which can make his experience I the Korean work environment better, have been discussed in details. However, with globalization and new age competition, it is also necessary on part of the Manager of the company to create and maintain a more integrating and encouraging work environment for the employees, especially those accustomed to a more individualistic type of work culture, to maintain the talented labour force (Shore 2013). This initiative may prove beneficial for the employees as well as for the company as a whole in the long run: a) To stay in the competition and maintain a stable growth of the company, the Manager has to keep the talented workforce, even a few of them maybe of more individualistic nature. These employees generally tend to get motivated when their efforts and achievements are individually praised and materially rewarded (Gorodnichenko and Roland 2012). Material rewards, if given to a particular employee, may appear inappropriate in the eyes of his co-workers, who have been long accustomed to the collective work environment of Korea. However, praising verbally and recognizing an individuals efforts for the betterment of the company, will not appear strikingly out of norm on one hand and will encourage that person on the other hand (Geert-hofstede.com, 2017). b) Innovation is a key necessity for any company, in any part of the world, to sustain and experience increasing turnovers, in the contemporary competitive global business environment. Korea, being a high scorer in the Index of Uncertainty Avoidance, does not welcome new thoughts and ideas with much ease. This may adversely affect the growth of the Korean company in particular (Forbes.com, 2017). Incorporating innovative ideas from the talented and competitive work force may have two-way benefits; on one hand it may encourage the workers to e creative and innovative, thereby increasing their interests for working in the company and creating a competitive work environment. On other hand, incorporation of the potential innovative ideas may prove beneficial for the company by increasing its future prospects in the global atmosphere (Layous et al. 2013). c) Decreasing the stiffness in company hierarchy may enable the employees to approach the senior officials with new ideas, queries and problems if any. This may incorporate a sense of belonging and warmth among the employees thereby benefiting the company as a whole (Forbes.com, 2017). Conclusion: The above discussion elaborates the problems Lee faces in the Korean work environment due to a difference in the work cultures of Korea and Australia. To rule out the differences and create an integrated and satisfying work environment, it is necessary on part of Lee as well as the Manager of the company to design and incorporate several simple yet significant changes in their respective professional approaches and behaviors. This, if done diligently from both sides, can help in creating a symbiotic as well as competitive work environment, which may benefit both Lee and the company as a whole in the long run. References Despotovic, W.V., Hutchings, K. and McPhail, R., 2015. Cross?cultural self?preparation of Australian self?initiated expatriates for working and living in South Korea:Stumped like a bonsai: A show of what could have been.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,53(2), pp.241-259. Forbes.com (2017).Forbes Welcome. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaviguppta/2016/06/12/south-koreas-economic-future-depends-on-this-bold-business-experiment/ [Accessed 17 Aug. 2017]. Geert-hofstede.com (2017). [online] Geert-hofstede.com. Available at: https://geert-hofstede.com/ [Accessed 17 Aug. 2017]. Gorodnichenko, Y. and Roland, G., 2012. Understanding the individualism-collectivism cleavage and its effects: Lessons from cultural psychology. InInstitutions and comparative economic development(pp. 213-236). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Hofstede, G.J., Jonker, C.M. and Verwaart, T., 2012. Cultural differentiation of negotiating agents.Group Decision and Negotiation,21(1), pp.79-98. Kohun, F.G., Bur?ik, V. and Skovira, R.J., 2012. Research into Hofstedes thesis. InKnowledge and Learning: Global Empowerment. Proceedings of the Management, Knowledge and Learning International Conference(pp. 989-997). Layous, K., Lee, H., Choi, I. and Lyubomirsky, S., 2013. Culture matters when designing a successful happiness-increasing activity: A comparison of the United States and South Korea.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,44(8), pp.1294-1303. Lee, C.Y., 2012. Korean culture and its influence on business practice in South Korea.Journal ofInternational Management Studies,7(2), pp.184-191. Mttnen, T., 2014. Efficien Cross-cultural Communication Between South Korea and Finland: Finnish Employee in a Korean Working Environment. Minkov, M. and Hofstede, G., 2012. Hofstedes fifth dimension: New evidence from the World Values Survey.Journal of cross-cultural psychology,43(1), pp.3-14. Shore, B., 2013. Improving Employee Retention in a South Korean High Growth Organization: Do Western Strategies Apply?.Journal of Global Business Issues,7(2), p.1. Taras, V., Steel, P. and Kirkman, B.L., 2012. Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede's dimensions.Journal of World Business,47(3), pp.329-341. Yang, L.Q., Spector, P.E., Sanchez, J.I., Allen, T.D., Poelmans, S., Cooper, C.L., Lapierre, L.M., O'driscoll, M.P., Abarca, N., Alexandrova, M. and Antoniou, A.S., 2012. Individualismcollectivism as a moderator of the work demandsstrains relationship: A cross-level and cross-national examination.Journal of International Business Studies,43(4), pp.424-443.